The Parisian club has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.